第42章

Theunpropertiedclassesemployedinbusinessdonottaketosocialisticvagarieswithsuchalacrityasshouldinspireaconfidenthopeintheadvocatesofsocialismoraseriousapprehensioninthosewhostandforlawandorder。Tbispecuniarilydisfranchisedbusinesspopulation，initsrevulsionagainstunassimilatedfacts，turnsrathertosomeexcursionintopragmaticromance，suchasSocialSettlements，Prohibition，CleanPolitics，SingleTax，ArtsandCrafts，NeighborhoodGuilds，InstitutionalChurch，ChristianScience，NewThought，orsomesuchculturalthimblerig。Theworkofthecaptainofindustryincurtailingtherangeofindividualdiscretioninbusinessandinreducingthelesserundertakerstotherankofclerksandsubalternsneednotbelookeduponasunavoidablyfurtheringthespreadofthesocialisticbias，exceptinsofarasthechangeresultsinthrowingthemenaffectedbyitoutofthepecuniaryorbusinessoccupationsandsubjectingthemtothedisciplineofthemechanicalindustry。Atthemost，apparently，thechangefromanindependenttoadependentbusinesslifeservestoweakenthemen’sinterestinthequestionofproperty；itdoesnotappearthatitthrowsthemintoanattitudeofsubstantialdistrustoriconoclasm。Theirinterestinthisparticularinstitutionslackensthroughthelossofthatemulativemotiveonwhichpecuniaryendeavorproceeds，buttheirfaithinitsintrinsicfitnessisnottherebyshaken，noraretheythrownintothetanksofthechronicdissentients。Thetraininggivenbytheirlifecontinuesprevailinglytorunonconventionalgrounds；thatistosay，ongroundsoflegalrelation，solvency，andthelike。

Accountantsandofficeemployeesarenearlyascouservativeasclergymenandlawyers，andtheirbeingsoisapparentlyduetothefactthattheirexperiencerunsonmuchthesamegroundofconventionalfinality。

Connectedwiththisapparentselectiveactionwhichthemodemspecializationofoccupationsexerts，thereisafurther，andatfirstsightmoresingular，pointofdisparitybetweenthesocialistsandtheconservatives；andthisdifferencehasalsoacuriouscorrelationwiththedistributionofthemachineindustry。Inadegree，-slightanduncertain，perhaps，butsearcelytobemistaken，-thesocialistsandtheconservativesareapparentlyofdifferentracialantecedents。Ithasbeenseenabovethatthepropagandaismostvitalandwidespreadintheindustrialtowns，ascontrastedwiththeagriculturalcountry。

ButiftheresearchesofsuchstudentsasAmmon，Ripley，Lapouge，Closson，andothersthatmightbenamed，aretakenattheirfacevalue，itappearsthatthetownsdifferperceptiblyfromtheopencountryinpointofrace；andthatthemigrationfromthecountryintotheindustrialtownshasaselectiveeffectofsuchakindthatalargerproportionofoneracialstockthanofanotherresortstothetowns。Thetowns，inthosecountrieswheredataareavailable，showalargeradmixtureofthedolicho-blondstockthantheopencountry。Thisseemstoarguethatthedolicho-blondstock，ortheracialmixtureofthetownsinwhichthereisarelativelylargeadmixtureofthedolicho-blond，isperceptiblymoreefficientinthemachineindustries，morereadilyinclinedtothinkinmaterialisticterms，moregiventoradicalinnovation，lessboundbyconventionandprescription。Thisgeneralizationisstrengthenedbythefactthatthemoredolicho-blondregionsarealso，onthewhole，moresocialisticthanthoseinwhichthiselementislessinevidence。Atthesametimetheyareindustriallyinadvanceofthelatterinthematterofmachineindustry；andtheyarealsoProtestant(irreligious)

ratherthanCatholic。

This，ofcourse，doesnotholdfortheinoffensivepseudo-socialisticdiversionssetafootbyvariouswell-meaningpoliticiansandclergmen，knownbyvariousqualifyingdesignations，suchas“State，““Christian，““Catholic，“etc。，anddesiredtoactascorrectivesofthesocialisticdistemper。

TheculturaleraofNaturalRights，NaturalLiberty，andNaturalReligionreducedGodtotherankofa“GreatArtificer，“

andthemachinetechnologyis，inturn，relegatingHimtothatfringeofminoremploymentsandthoseoutlyingindustrialregionstowhichthehandicraftsmenhavebeenretired。

Thereisasimilarsuggestionintherelative(slightbutperceptible)declineofscientificanimusinEnglandsincetheEnglishcommunityhasturneditsattent

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