Life of Robert Browning

第1章

London,RobertBrowning’sbirthplace;hisimmediatepredecessorsandcontemporariesinliterature,art,andmusic;bornMay7th,1812;

originoftheBrowningfamily;assertionsastoitsSemiticconnectionapparentlygroundless;thepoetaputativedescendantoftheCaptainMicaiahBrowningmentionedbyMacaulay;

RobertBrowning’smotherofScottishandGermanorigin;

hisfatheramanofexceptionalpowers,artist,poet,critic,student;

Mr。Browning’sopinionofhisson’swritings;thehomeinCamberwell;

RobertBrowning’schildhood;concerninghisoptimism;

hisfondnessforCarravaggio’s“AndromedaandPerseus“;hispoeticprecocity;

originof“TheFlightoftheDuchess“;writesByronicverse;

issenttoschoolatPeckham;hisholidayafternoons;seesLondonbynight,fromHerneHill;thesignificanceofthespectacletohim。

Hewishestobeapoet;writesinthestyleofByronandPope;

the“DeathofHarold“;hispoems,writtenwhentwelveyearsold,showntoMissFlower;theRev。W。J。Fox’scriticismsonthem;

hecomesacrossShelley’s“DaemonoftheWorld“;Mrs。BrowningprocuresShelley’spoems,alsothoseofKeats,forherson;

theperusalofthesevolumesprovesanimportanteventinhispoeticdevelopment;heleavesschoolwhenfourteenyearsold,andstudiesathomeunderatutor;attendsafewlecturesatUniversityCollege,1829-30;chooseshiscareer,attheageoftwenty;

earliestrecordofhisutterancesconcerninghisyouthfullifeprintedin`CenturyMagazine’,1881;heplansaseriesofmonodramaticepics;

Browning’slifework,collectivelyonemonodramatic“epic“;

Shakespeare’sandBrowning’smethodscompared;Browningwrites“Pauline“

in1832;hisowncriticismonit;hisparents’opinions;

hisaunt’sgenerousgift;thepoempublishedinJanuary1833;

descriptionofthepoem;writtenundertheinspiringstimulusofShelley;

itsautopsychicalsignificance;itsimportancetothestudentofthepoet’sworks;quotationsfrom“Pauline“。

Thepublicreceptionof“Pauline“;criticismsthereupon;

Mr。Fox’snoticeinthe`MonthlyRepository’,anditsresults;

DanteGabrielRossettireads“Pauline“andwritestotheauthor;

Browning’sreferencetoTennyson’sreadingof“Maud“in1855;

Browningfrequentsliterarysociety;readsattheBritishMuseum;

makestheacquaintanceofCharlesDickensand“Ion“Talfourd;

avolumeofpoemsbyTennysonpublishedsimultaneouslywith“Pauline“;

in1833hecommenceshistravels;goestoRussia;thesolerecordofhisexperiencestheretobefoundinthepoem“IvanIvanovitch“,publishedin`DramaticIdyls’,1879;hisacquaintancewithMazzini;

BrowninggoestoItaly;visitsAsolo,whencehedrewhintsfor“Sordello“and“PippaPasses“;in1834hereturnstoCamberwell;

inautumnof1834andwinterof1835commences“Sordello“,writes“Paracelsus“,andoneortwoshortpoems;hisloveforVenice;

anewvoiceaudiblein“JohannesAgricola“and“Porphyria“;

“Paracelsus“,publishedin1835;hisownexplanationofit;

hisloveofwalkinginthedark;someof“Paracelsus“andof“Strafford“

composedinawoodnearDulwich;concerning“Paracelsus“andBrowning’ssympathywiththescientificspirit;descriptionandscopeofthepoem;

quotationstherefrom;estimateofthework,anditsfourlyrics。

Criticismsupon“Paracelsus“,importantonewrittenbyJohnForster;

BrowningmeetsMacreadyatthehouseofMr。Fox;personaldescriptionofthepoet;Macready’sopinionofthepoem;BrowningspendsNewYear’sDay,1836,atthehouseofthetragedianandmeetsJohnForster;

Macreadyurgeshimtowriteaplay;hissubsequentinterviewwiththetragedian;heplansadramatobeentitled“Narses“;

meetsWordsworthandWalterSavageLandoratasupperparty,whentheyoungpoetistoasted,andMacreadyagainproposesthatBrowningshouldwriteaplay,fromwhicharosetheideaof“Strafford“;

hisacquaintancewithWordsworthandLandor;MS。of“Strafford“accepted;

itsperformanceatCoventGardenTheatreonthe26thMay1837;

runsforfivenights;theauthor’scomments;thedramaissuedbyMessrs。Longman&Co。;theperformancein1886;estimateof“Strafford“;

Browning’sdramas;comparisonbetweentheElizabethanandVictoriandramaticeras;Browning’ssoul-depictivefaculty;hisdramaticmethod;

estimateofhisdramas;Landor’sacknowledgmentofthededicationtohimof“Luria“。

“Profundity“and“Simplicity“;thefacultyofwonder;

Browning’sfirstconceptionof“PippaPasses“;hisresidenceinLondon;

hiscountrywalks;hiswaysandhabits,andhisheart-episodes;

debateswhethertobecomeaclergyman;is“PippaPasses“adrama?

estimateofthepoem;Browning’sramblesonWimbledonCommonandinDulwichWood,wherehecomposeshislinesuponShelley;

assertsthereisromanceinCamberwellaswellasinItaly;

“Sordello“;thechargeofobscurityagainst“Sordello“;

thenatureandintentionofthepoem;quotationstherefrom;

anecdoteaboutDouglasJerrold;Tennyson’s,Carlyle’s,andM。OdysseBarot’sopinionson“Sordello“;“enigmatic“poetry;

in1863Browningcontemplatedthere-writingof“Sordello“;

dedicationtotheFrenchcritic,Milsand。

Browning’sthreegreatdramaticpoems;“TheRingandtheBook“

hisfinestwork;itsuniqueness;Carlyle’scriticismofit;

PoetryversusTour-de-Force;“TheRingandtheBook“begunin1866;

analysisofthepoem;kinshipof“TheRingandtheBook“and“AuroraLeigh“;

explanationoftitle;theideatakenfromaparchmentvolumeBrowningpickedupinFlorence;thepoemplannedatCasaGuidi;

“OLyricLove“,etc。;descriptionandanalysisof“TheRingandtheBook“,withquotations;comparedasapoemwith“TheInnAlbum“,“Pauline“,“Asolando“,“MenandWomen“,etc。;imaginaryvolumes,tobeentitled“TranscriptsfromLife“and“Flowerso’theVine“;

Browning’sgreatestperiod;Browning’sprimaryimportance。

EarlylifeofElizabethBarrettBrowning;bornin1820;*

thechiefsorrowofherlife;theBarrettfamilysettleinLondon;

“TheCryoftheChildren“anditsorigin;MissBarrett’sfriends;

effectonherofBrowning’spoetry;shemakesBrowning’sacquaintancein1846;

herearlybeliefinhimasapoet;herphysicaldelicacyandhersensitivenessoffeeling;personalappearanceofRobertBrowning;

his“electric“hand;ElizabethBarrettdiscernshispersonalworth,andissusceptibletothestronghumanityofBrowning’ssong;

Mr。Barrett’sjealousy;theirengagement;MissBarrett’sacquaintancewithMrs。Jameson;quietmarriagein1846;Mr。Barrett’sresentment;

theBrowningsgotoParis;thencetoItalywithMrs。Jameson;

Wordsworth’scomments;residenceinPisa;“SonnetsfromthePortuguese“;

inthespringtheygotoFlorence,thencetoAncona,where“TheGuardianAngel“waswritten;CasaGuidi;

W。W。Story’saccountoftheroomsatCasaGuidi;perfectunion。

*Thisdateisatypographicalerror,butthedategiveninthetextitself,1809,isalsoincorrectitshouldbe1806。Mr。Sharp’slackofknowledgeonthissubjectisunderstandable,however,as,toquotefromMrs。Orr’s“LifeandLettersofRobertBrowning“(1891):

“Shelookedmuchyoungerthanherage,which[RobertBrowning]

onlyrecentlyknewtohavebeensixyearsbeyondhisown。“A。L。,1996。

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