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Itisasourceofhonestpridetohisdescendantthathisbill，whichwashonestlypaid，asitseemstohavebeenhonorablyearned，amountedtothehandsometotalofsevenpoundsandtwoshillings。
Letmeaddthatherepeatedlyprescribesplaster，oneofwhichwasveryprobablythe“Dr。Oliver“thatsoothedmyinfantgriefs，andforwhichIblushtosaythatmyveneratedancestorreceivedfromGoodmanHancockthepainfullyexiguoussumofnopounds，noshillings，andsixpence。
Ihaveillustratedthepracticeofthefirstcentury，fromthetwomanuscriptsIhaveexamined，asgivinganimpartialideaofitsevery-daymethods。TheGovernor，JohannesSecundus，itisfairtoremember，wasanamateurpractitioner，whilemyancestorwasaprofessedphysician。ComparingtheirmodesoftreatmentwiththemanyscientificfolliesstillprevailingintheOldWorld，andstillmorewiththeextraordinarytheologicalsuperstitionsofthecommunityinwhichtheylived，weshallfindreason，Ithink，toconsidertheartofhealingasinacomparativelycreditablestateduringthefirstcenturyofNewEngland。
InadditiontotheevidenceastomethodsoftreatmentfurnishedbythemanuscriptsIhavecited，Isubjointhefollowingdocument，towhichmyattentionwascalledbyDr。Shurtleff，ourpresentMayor。
Thisisaletterofwhichtheoriginalistobefoundinvol。lxix。
page10ofthe“Archives“preservedattheStateHouseinBoston。Itwillbeseenthatwhatthesurgeonwantedconsistedchieflyofopiates，stimulants，cathartics，plasters，andmaterialsforbandages。Thecomplexandvariedformulaehavegivenplacetosimplerandoftenmoreeffectiveformsofthesameremedies；butthelistandthemannerinwhichitismadeoutareproofsofthegoodsenseandschoolingofthesurgeon，who，itmaybenoted，wasinsuchhastethatheneglectedallhisstops。Hemightwellbeinahurry，asontheverydayuponwhichhewrote，agreatbodyofIndians——
supposedtobesixorsevenhundred——appearedbeforeHatfield；andtwenty-fiveresoluteyoungmenofHadley，fromwhichtownhewrote，crossedtheriveranddrovethemaway。
HADLYMay30：76
MrRAWSONSrWhatwehaverecdbyTho：HoueythepastmonthisnotthecheifestofourwantsasyouhaveloveforpoorwoundedIprayletusnotwantforthesefollowingmedicinesifyouhavenotaspeedyconveyanceofthemIpraysendonpurposetheyarethosethingsmentionedinmyformerletterbuttopreventfuturemistakesIhavewrotethemattlargeweehavegreatwantwiththegreatesthaltandspeedletusbesupplyed。
SrYrSertWILLLOCHS
(EndorsedMr。LockesLetterRecdfromtheGovernor13Jane&acquaintedyeCouncilwithitbutcouldnotobtaineanythingtobesentinanswerthereto13June1676
Ihavegivensomeideaofthechiefremediesusedbyourearlierphysicians，whichwerebothGalenicandchemical；thatis，vegetableandmineral。They，ofcourse，employedtheusualperturbingmedicineswhichMontaignesaysarethechiefrelianceoftheircraft。
Therewere，doubtless，individualpractitionerswhoemployedspecialremedieswithexceptionalboldnessandperhapssuccess。Mr。Eliotisspokenof，inaletterofWilliamLeetetoWinthrop，Junior，asbeingunderMr。Greenland’smercurialadministrations。Thelatterwasprobablyenoughoneofthesespecialists。
Thereisanotherclassofremedieswhichappearstohavebeenemployedoccasionally，but，onthewhole，issolittleprominentastoimplyagooddealofcommonsenseamongthemedicalpractitioners，ascomparedwiththesuperstitionsprevailingaroundthem。IhavesaidthatIhavecaughtthegoodGovernor，nowandthen，prescribingtheelectuaryofmillipedes；butheisentirelyexcusedbythealmostincrediblefactthattheywereretainedinthemateriamedicasolateaswhenRees’sCyclopaediawaspublished，andwetherefindthedirectionsformerlygivenbytheCollegeofEdinburghfortheirpreparation。Onceortwicewehavefoundhimadmittingstillmoreobjectionablearticlesintohismateriamedica；indoingwhich，Iamsorrytosaythathecouldpleadgraveandlearnedauthority。Buttheseinstancesareveryrareexceptionsinamedicalpracticeofmanyyears，whichis，onthewhole，veryrespectable，consideringthetimeandcircumstances。
Someremediesofquestionablethoughnotodiouscharacterappearoccasionallytohavebeenemployedbytheearlypractitioners，buttheyweresuchasstillhadthesupportofthemedicalprofession。
GovernorJohnWinthrop，thefirst，sendsforEastIndianbezoar，withothercommoditiesheiswritingfor。GovernorEndicottsendshimonehehadofMr。Humfrey。Ihopeitwasgenuine，fortheycheatedinfamouslyinthematterofthisconcretion，whichoughttocomeoutofananimal’sstomach，buttherealhistoryofwhichresembleswhatissometime
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