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authoroftheearliestmedicaltreatisesprintedinthecountry，[A
BriefRuletoGuidetheCommonPeopleinSmallpoxandMeasles。1674。]whoseepitaphinLatinandGreek，saidtohavebeenwrittenbyEleazer，an“IndianYouth“andamemberoftheSeniorClassofHarvardCollege，maybefoundinthe“Magnalia。“Imissthisnoblesavage’snameinourtriennialcatalogue；andasthereismanyaslipbetweenthecupandlip，oneistemptedtoguessthathemayhavelosthisdegreebysomedisplayofhisnativeinstinct，——
possiblyaflourishofthetomahawkorscalping-knife。Howeverthismayhavebeen，thegoodmanhecelebratedwasanotableinstanceoftheAngelicalConjunction，astheauthorofthe“Magnalia“callsit，oftheofficesofclergymanandmedicalpractitioner。
MichaelWigglesworth，authorofthe“DayofDoom，“attendedthesick，“notonlyasaPastor，butasaPhysiciantoo，andthis，notonlyinhisowntown，butalsoinallthoseofthevicinity。“MathersaysofthesonsofCharlesChauncy，“Allofthesedid，whiletheyhadOpportunity，PreachtheGospel；andmost，ifnotallofthem，liketheirexcellentFatherbeforethem，hadaneminentskillinphysickaddeduntotheirotheraccomplishments，“etc。RogerWilliamsissaidtohavesavedmanyinakindofpestilencewhichsweptawaymanyIndians。
Tothesenamesmustbeadded，assustainingacertainrelationtothehealingart，thatofthefirstGovernorWinthrop，whoissaidbyJohnCottontohavebeen“HelpforourBodiesbyPhysick[and]forourEstatesbyLaw，“andthatofhisson，theGovernorofConnecticut，who，asweshallsee，wasasmuchphysicianasmagistrate。
Ihadsubmittedtomeforexamination，in1862，amanuscriptfoundamongtheWinthropPapers，markedwiththesuperscription，“FormyworthyfriendMr。Wintrop，“datedin1643，London，signedEdwardStafford，andcontainingmedicaldirectionsandprescriptions。ItmayberememberedbysomepresentthatIwroteareportonthispaper，whichwaspublishedinthe“Proceedings“ofthisSociety。
WhetherthepaperwaswrittenforGovernorJohnWinthropofMassachusetts，orforhisson，GovernorJohnofConnecticut，thereisnopositiveevidencethatIhavebeenabletoobtain。Itisveryinteresting，however，asgivingshortandsimplepracticaldirections，suchaswouldbemostliketobewantedandmostuseful，intheopinionofaphysicianinreputeofthatday。
Thediseasesprescribedforareplague，small-pox，fevers，king’sevil，insanity，falling-sickness，andthelike；withsuchinjuriesasbrokenbones，dislocations，andburningwithgunpowder。Theremediesareofthreekinds：simples，suchasSt。John’swort，Clown’sall-
heal，elder，parsley，maidenhair，mineraldrugs，suchaslime，saltpetre，Armenianbole，crocusmetallorum，orsulphuretofantimony；andthaumaturgicormystical，ofwhichthechiefis，“Myblackpowderagainsttheplague，small-pox；purples，allsortsoffeavers；Poyson；either，byWayofPreventionorafterInfection。“
Thismarvellousremedywasmadebyputtinglivetoadsintoanearthenpotsoastohalffillit，andbakingandburningthem“intheopenayre，notinanhouse，“——concerningwhichlatterpossibilityI
suspectMadamWinthropwouldhavehadsomethingtosay，——untiltheycouldbereducedbypounding，firstintoabrown，andthenintoablack，powder。Blood-lettinginsomeinflammations，fastingintheearlystageoffevers，andsomeofthoseperemptorydrugswithwhichmostofushavebeenwellacquaintedinourtime，theinfragrantmemoriesofwhichIwillnotpursuebeyondthisslightallusion，areamonghisremedies。
TheWinthrops，tooneofwhomDr。Stafford’sdirectionswereaddressed，werethemedicalaswellasthepoliticaladvisersoftheirfellow-citizensforthreeorfoursuccessivegenerations。Oneofthem，GovernorJohnofConnecticut，practisedsoextensively，that，butforhismoredistinguishedtitleintheState，hewouldhavebeenrememberedastheDoctor。Thefactthathepractisedinanothercolony，forthemostpart，makeslittledifferenceinthevalueoftherecordswehaveofhismedicalexperience，whichhavefortunatelybeenpreserved，andgiveaveryfairidea，inallprobability，ofthewayinwhichpatientsweretreatedinMassachusetts，whentheyfellintointelligentandsomewhateducatedhands，alittleafterthemiddleoftheseventeenthcentury：
Ihavebeforeme，whilewriting，amanuscriptcollectionofthemedicalcasestreatedbyhim，andrecordedatthetimeinhisownhand，whichhasbeenintrustedtomebyourPresident，hisdescendant。
Theyaregener
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