Medical Essays

第40章

Letusnowtakeageneralglanceatsomeoftheconditionsoftheearlysettlers;andfirst,astothehealthfulnessoftheclimate。

ThemortalityoftheseasonthatfollowedthelandingofthePilgrimsatPlymouthhasbeensufficientlyaccountedfor。Afterthis,thecolonistsseemtohavefoundthenewcountryagreeingverywellwiththeirEnglishconstitutions。Itsclearairisthesubjectofeulogy。

ItsdaintyspringsofsweetwaterarepraisednotonlybyHigginsonandWood,buteventhemischievousMortonsays,thatforitsdelicatewatersCanaancamenotnearthiscountry。“Thereisatendencytodilateonthesesimpleblessings,whichremindsonealittleoftheMarchionessinDickens’sstory,withherorange-peel-and-waterbeverage。Stillmoredoesonefeelthewarmthofcoloring,——suchasweexpectfromconvertstoanewfaith,andsettlerswhowanttoenticeothersovertotheirclearings,whenWinslowspeaks,in1621,of“abundanceofroses,white,red,anddamask;single,butverysweetindeed;“amostofall,however,when,inthesameconnection,hesays,“Herearegrapeswhiteandred,andverysweetandstrongalso。“Thisofourwildgrape,alittlevegetableIndian,whichscalpsacivilizedman’smouth,ashisanimalrepresentativescalpshiscranium。ButthereissomethingquitecharminginWinslow’spictureoftheluxuryinwhichtheyareliving。Lobsters,oysters,eels,mussels,fishandfowl,deliciousfruit,includingthegrapesaforesaid,——iftheyonlyhad“kine,horses,andsheep,“hemakesnoquestionbutmenwouldliveascontentedhereasinanypartoftheworld。Wecannothelpadmiringthewayinwhichtheytooktheirtrials,andmadethemostoftheirblessings。

“AndhowContenttheywere,“saysCottonMather,“whenanHonestMan,asIhaveheard,invitinghisFriendstoaDishofClams,attheTablegaveThankstoHeaven,whohadgiventhemtosucktheabundanceoftheSeas,andoftheTreasuresAidintheSands!“

Strangelyenough,asitwouldseem,exceptforthisbuoyantdeterminationtomakethebestofeverything,theyhardlyappeartorecognizethedifferenceoftheclimatefromthatwhichtheyhadleft。Afteralmostthreeyears’experience,Winslowsays,hecanscarcedistinguishNewEnglandfromOldEngland,inrespectofheatandcold,frost,snow,rain,winds,etc。Thewinter,hethinks(ifthereisadifference),issharperandlonger;butyethemaybedeceivedbythewantofthecomfortsheenjoyedathome。HecannotconceiveanyclimatetoagreebetterwiththeconstitutionoftheEnglish,notbeingoppressedwithextremityofheats,nornippedbybitingcold:

“Bywhichmeans,blessedbeGod,weenjoyourhealth,notwithstandingthosedifficultieswehaveundergone,insuchameasureaswouldhavebeenadmired,ifwehadlivedinEnglandwiththelikemeans。“

EdwardJohnson,aftermentioningtheshiftstowhichtheywereputforfood,says,——

“Andyet,methinks,ourchildrenareascheerful,fat,andlusty,withfeedinguponthosemussels,clams,andotherfish,astheywereinEnglandwiththeirfillofbread。“

Higginson,himselfadyspeptic,“continuallyinphysic,“ashesays,andaccustomedtodressinthickclothing,andtocomforthisstomachwithdrinkthatwas“bothstrongandstale,“——the“jollygoodaleandold,“Isuppose,offreeandeasyBishopStill’ssong,——foundthathebothcouldanddidoftentimesdrinkNewEnglandwaterverywell,——whichheseemstolookuponasaremarkablefeat。Hecouldgoaslightcladasany,too,withonlyalightstuffcassockuponhisshirt,andstuffbreecheswithoutlinings。Twoofhischildrenweresickly:one,——littlemisshapenMary,——diedonthepassage,and,inherfather’swords,“wasthefirstinourshipthatwasburiedinthebowelsofthegreatAtlanticsea;“theother,whohadbeen“mostlamentablyhandled“bydisease,recoveredalmostentirely“bytheverywholesomenessoftheair,altering,digesting,anddryingupthecoldandcrudehumorsofthebody。“Wherefore,hethinksitawisecourseforallcoldcomplexionstocometotakephysicinNewEngland,andendswiththoseoftenquotedwords,that“asupofNewEngland’sairisbetterthanawholedraughtofOldEngland’sale。“

Mr。Higginsondied,however,“ofahecticfever,“alittl

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