下载辰思小说免费APP
Nowwhathavewecometoinourownday？Inthefirstplace，theminutestructureofalltheorganshasbeenmadeoutinthemostsatisfactoryway。Thespecialarrangementsofthevesselsandtheductsofalltheglands，oftheair-tubesandvesiclesofthelungs，ofthepartswhichmakeuptheskinandothermembranes，allthedetailsofthosecomplexparenchymatousorganswhichhadconfoundedinvestigationsolong，havebeenliftedoutoftheinvisibleintothesightofallobservers。Itisfairtomentionhere，thatweoweagreatdealtotheartofminuteinjection，bywhichweareenabledtotracethesmallestvesselsinthemidstofthetissueswheretheyaredistributed。Thisisanoldartificeofanatomists。ThefamousRuysch，whodiedahundredandthirtyyearsago，showedthateachoftheviscerahasitsterminalvesselsarrangedinitsownpeculiarway；thesamefactwhichyoumayseeillustratedinGerber’sfiguresaftertheminuteinjectionsofBerres。Ihopetoshowyoumanyspecimensofthiskindinthemicroscope，theworkofEnglishandAmericanhands。ProfessorAgassizallowsmealsotomakeuseofaveryrichcollectionofinjectedpreparationssenthimbyProfessorHyrtl，formerlyofPrague，nowofVienna，fortheproperexhibitionofwhichIhadanumberofmicroscopesmadeexpressly，byMr。Grunow，duringthepastseason。Allthisillustrateswhathasbeendonefortheelucidationoftheintimatedetailsofformationoftheorgans。
Butthegreattriumphofthemicroscopeasappliedtoanatomyhasbeenintheresolutionoftheorgansandthetissuesintotheirsimpleconstituentanatomicalelements。IthastakenupgeneralanatomywhereBichatleftit。Hehadsucceededinreducingthestructurallanguageofnaturetosyllables，ifyouwillpermitmetousesoboldanimage。Themicroscopicobserverswhohavecomeafterhimhaveanalyzedtheseintoletters，aswemaycallthem，——thesimpleelementsbythecombinationofwhichNaturespellsoutsuccessivelytissues，whicharehersyllables，organswhichareherwords，systemswhichareherchapters，andsogoesonfromthesimpletothecomplex，untilshebindsupinonelivingwholethatwondrousvolumeofpowerandwisdomwhichwecallthehumanbody。
Thealphabetoftheorganizationissoshortandsimple，thatIwillriskfatiguingyourattentionbyrepeatingit，accordingtotheplanIhavelongadopted。
A。Cells，eitherfloating，asintheblood，orfixed，likethoseinthecancellatedstructureofbone，alreadyreferredto。Verycommonlytheyhaveundergoneachangeoffigure，mostfrequentlyaflatteningwhichreducesthemtoscales，asintheepidermisandtheepithelium。
B。Simple，translucent，homogeneoussolid，suchasisfoundatthebackofthecornea，orformingtheintercellularsubstanceofcartilage。
C。Thewhitefibrouselement，consistingofverydelicate，tenaciousthreads。Thisisthelongstapletextilesubstanceofthebody。ItistotheorganismwhatcottonispretendedtobetoourSouthernStates。Itpervadesthewholeanimalfabricasareolartissue，whichistheuniversalpackingandwrappingmaterial。Itformstheligamentswhichbindthewholeframe-worktogether。Itfurnishesthesinews，whicharethechannelsofpower。Itenfoldseverymuscle。
Itwrapsthebraininitshard，insensiblefolds，andtheheartitselfbeatsinapursethatismadeofit。
D。Theyellowelastic，fibrouselement，thecaoutchoucoftheanimalmechanism，whichpullsthingsbackintoplace，astheIndia-rubberbandshutsthedoorwehaveopened。
E。Thestripedmuscularfibre，——theredflesh，whichshortensitselfinobediencetothewill，andthusproducesallvoluntaryactivemotion。
F。Theunstripedmuscularfibre，moreproperlythefusiform-cellfibre，whichcarriesontheinvoluntaryinternalmovements。
G。Thenerve-cylinder，aglassytube，withapithofsomefirmness，whichconveyssensationtothebrainandtheprinciplewhichinducesmotionfromit。
H。Thenerve-corpuscle，thecentreofnervouspower。
I。Themucoustissue，asVirchowcallsit，commoninembryonicstructures，seeninthevitreoushumoroftheadult。
TotheseaddX，granules，ofindeterminateshapeandsize，Y，forinorganicmatters，suchasthesaltsofboneandteeth，andZ，tostandasasymbolofthefluids，andyouhavethelettersofwhatI
haveventuredtocallthealphabetofthebody。
Butjustasinlanguagecertaindiphthongsandsyllablesarefrequentlyrecurring，sowehaveinthebodycertainsecondaryandtertiarycombinations，whichwemeetmorefrequentlythanthesolitaryelem
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